Journal Articles – Page 12 – HORMONES (Archive)

Transient Congenital Hypothyroidism due to maternal autoimmune thyroid disease

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Chryssanthi Mengreli, Maria Maniati-Christidi, Christina Kanaka-Gantenbein, Panagiotis Girginoudis, Apostolos G. Vagenakis, Catherine Dacou-Voutetakis

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The neonatal screening program for congenital hypothyroidism (CH) in Greece shows an overall incidence of the disease of 1:2321. The cases with permanent CH have an incidence of 1:2542, whereas the transient forms of CH account for 8.7% of all cases diagnosed as CH. Transplacental passage of maternal thyrotropin receptor-blocking antibodies is a rare cause of transient CH …

The differential impact of volatile and intravenous anaesthetics in humans

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Nicholas J. Sarlis, Christian A. Koch

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We read with interest the contribution by Dr. Kostopanagiotou and colleagues describing the differential impact of volatile and intravenous anaesthetics on select hormonal and immune parameters of the stress response in the swine. We would like to highlight earlier human data of ours (some of which unpublished to date) as well as from others that are pertinent to this interesting line of research and generally supportive of the authors’ conclusions …

Autoimmune thyroiditis in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus is associated with elevated IgG4 but not with low vitamin D

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Korcan Demir, Mehmet Keskin, Yιlmaz Kör, Murat Karaoğlan, Özlem Gümüştekin Bülbül

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OBJECTIVE: To assess levels of vitamin D and of immunoglobulin G subclasses in children and adolescents with type 1 Diabetes Mellitus with or without autoimmune thyroiditis. DESIGN: Among 213 patients with type 1 diabetes, the cases with thyroid-specific autoantibodies …

Long term thyroid function after 131I treatment for toxic adenoma

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Ioanna Tzavara, Marinella Tzanela, Barbara Vlassopoulou, George Kouyioumoutzakis, Calliopi Alevizaki, Nicke C. Thalassinos

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Radioactive iodine is a widely used treatment for hyperthyroidism caused by solitary autonomously functioning thyroid nodule (toxic adenoma). The aim of this retrospective analysis is to report the long term effects of this therapy on the thyroid function of patients with toxic adenoma treated in our department. Between 1968 and 1996…

The problem of exogenous subclinical hyperthyroidism

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Menelaos L. Batrinos

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Over the past two decades a plethora of publications and clinical practice data have established that subclinical thyroid dysfunction is a common condition occurring much more frequently than the overt expression of thyroid disease. Subclinical hypothyroidism is considered to be the most common of these entities…

Coexistence of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis with papillary thyroid carcinoma. A retrospective study

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Elias E. Mazokopakis, Anastasios A. Tzortzinis, Elpida I. Dalieraki-Ott, Athanasios N. Tsartsalis, Periklis K. Syros, Christos M. Karefilakis, Maria G. Papadomanolaki, Ioannis K. Starakis

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OBJECTIVE: The association between Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) and papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) remains controversial in medical bibliography. The main objective of our study was to determine the prevalence of PTC and HT coexistence in histopathologic material of thyroidectomized patients. DESIGN: In a retrospective study …

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: assessment of non-invasive indices predicting hepatic steatosis and fibrosis

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Stergios A. Polyzos, Dimitrios G. Goulis, Jannis Kountouras, Gesthimani Mintziori, Panagiotis Chatzis, Efstathios Papadakis, Ilias Katsikis, Dimitrios Panidis

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OBJECTIVE: Insulin resistance contributes to the pathogenesis of both polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The main aim of the present study was the evaluation of non-invasive indices of hepatic steatosis and fibrosis in PCOS women with or without metabolic syndrome …

Compensatory adrenal growth in relation to stress of surgery and estradiol in adult male rats

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Nicholas Bikas, Joan Gribisi, Joan Messari and Anastasia Sfikakis

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ACTH infusion at the time of unilateral adrenalectomy inhibits the early rapid compensatory growth (CAG) in the remaining adrenal. We examined the hypothesis that different duration of surgery and/or the enhanced response to the stress of surgery, induced by estradiol treatment, might modify CAG. Adult male rats untreated …

Total parathyroidectomy with autotransplantation in patients with renal hyperparathyroidism: indications and surgical approach

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Stavros Gourgiotis, Panagiotis Moustafellos, Charalabos Stratopoulos, Vasilis Vougas, Spiros Drakopoulos, Evangelos Hadjiyannakis

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OBJECTIVE: renal hyperparathyroidism (rH) is one of the most serious complications in long-term hemodialysis patients. the purpose of this retrospective study was the evaluation of the surgical indications, parathyroid histology, and the results of total parathyroidectomy with autotransplantation (Ptx+At) in patients with rH…

Time for the endocrinologists to expand their awareness of and contribution to the diagnosis and management of encephalopathy associated with autoimmune thyroid disease

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Gianluca Tamagno, Gadintshware Gaoatswe

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Encephalopathy associated with autoimmune thyroid disease is a rare condition presenting in the setting of autoimmune thyroid disease and characterized by unspecific neurological and/or psychiatric symptoms. Bearing in mind the currently prevailing lack of consensus on the most appropriate nomenclature and diagnostic criteria for this condition and the implications …

Smoking is a significant determinant of low serum vitamin D in young and middle-aged healthy males

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Eva N. Kassi, Spiros Stavropoulos, Panayiotis Kokkoris, Antonis Galanos, Paraskevi Moutsatsou, Cleanthi Dimas, Athanasios Papatheodorou, Christos Zafeiris, George Lyritis

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OBJECTIVE: We aimed to determine the prevalence of 25(OH)D (D2 and D3 independently) inadequacy in healthy young/middle-aged men and to investigate its relationship with BMD, bone markers, demographic and lifestyle parameters such as age, BMI, smoking, alcohol consumption and dietary calcium intake …

Glucocortidoid sensitivity assessed in peripheral blood cells do not correlate with the feedback sensitivity of the hypothalamo-pituitary adrenal AXIS

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Dimitra Vasiliadi, Yannis Gratsias, Stylianos Tsagarakis, Eythimia Botoula, Panagiotis Trivizas, Nick Thalassinos, Paraskevi Moutsatsou

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Glucocorticoids (GC) affect virtually all organ systems, acting mainly via the glucocorticoid receptor (GR). The immune system is the best characterized tissue for assessing GC sensitivity. It is well established that the immune system GC sensitivity varies widely between normal subjects …

Role of color Doppler ultrasonography in the preoperative management of cold thyroid nodules

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Emmanuel Varverakis, Evaggelos Neonakis, Maria Tzardi, Emmanuel Chrysos

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OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the application of color flow Doppler (CFD) sonography in the preoperative management of benign and malignant cold thyroid nodules. DESIGN: Eighty-five patients with a cold thyroid nodule larger than 1cm were examined with CFD sonography prior to thyroidectomy. The histological examination revealed that 18 (21%) patients had malignant nodules …

Combined strength and aerobic training increases transforming growth factor-β1 in patients with type 2 diabetes

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Anna-Maria Touvra, Konstantinos A. Volaklis, Apostolos T. Spassis, Christos E. Zois, Helen T. Douda, Kalliopi Kotsa, Savvas P. Tokmakidis

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OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of a combined strength and aerobic training program on pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and transforming growth factor-β1 in patients with type 2 diabetes. DESIGN: Ten patients with type 2 diabetes, aged 55.5 (5) years [median (IQR)] participated in a supervised systematic exercise training program …

Pituitary disorders in pregnancy

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Alexandra Chrisoulidou, Maria Boudina, Niki Karavitaki, Eleni Bili, John Wass

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The pituitary gland is significantly affected during gestation in terms of both size and function. Due to this physiologic adaptation, endocrine evaluation and interpretation of imaging is far more complex than in the non-pregnant state. Pituitary disorders are rare in pregnancy, as they are usually associated with gonadal dysfunction …

The value of scintigraphy and ultrasonography in the preoperative localization of parathyroid glands in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism and concomitant thyroid disease

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Theodore K. Alexandrides, Konstantina Kouloubi, Apostolos G. Vagenakis, Spyros Yarmenitis, Trifon Spyridonidis, Pavlos Vassilakos, Dimitris Apostolopoulos

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Parathyroid scintigraphy and high-resolution ultrasonography are frequently used as preoperative localization procedures in primary hyperparathyroidism. However, when thyroid disease coexists, their diagnostic accuracy is probably abated. DESIGN: 56 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism were prospectively evaluated with parathyroid scintigraphy…

Early metabolic defects following gestational diabetes in three ethnic groups of anti-GAD antibodies negative women with normal fasting glucose

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Eleni Kousta, Natasha J. Lawrence, Ian F. Godsland, Anna Penny, Victor Anyaoku, Barbara A. Millauer, Stephen Robinson, Desmond G. Johnston, Mark I. McCarthy

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OBJECTIVE: To characterise early metabolic abnormalities and the impact of ethnicity following gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). DESIGN: Women with a history of GDM belonging to three different ethnic groups were evaluated. Using the insulin-modified, frequently-sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test (FSIVGTT) and HOMA we studied 34 European …

The response of serum leptin, cortisol and zinc concentrations to concurrent training

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Guilherme Rosa, Estelio H.M. Dantas, Danielli Braga de Mello

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OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of concurrent training (CT) on serum leptin, cortisol and zinc concentrations in physically active adults. DESIGN: Ten subjects aged (27.1±4.8 years, BMI 25.49 ± 2.65) were recruited to participate in three sessions: control session (CS), concurrent training 1 (CT1) and concurrent training 2 (CT2) sessions with five days of resting between them. In each session blood samples for leptin …

The effects of sleep and light at night on melatonin in adolescents

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Caleb Hersh, Julia Sisti, Vincent Richiutti, Eva Schernhammer

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OBJECTIVE: The circadian hormone melatonin has wide-reaching effects on human physiology. In adolescents, the impact of nighttime light exposure and other modifiable behavioral factors on melatonin levels is poorly understood. DESIGN: We cross-sectionally examined the influence of nighttime behaviors …

Applications of genomic medicine in endocrinology and post-genomic endocrine research

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Constantine A. Stratakis

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In the mid 1980’s, two advances revolutionized Medicine in a way that is comparable only to some of the most important events in the approximately 3,000 years of its history. The first was the introduction of the concept of “positional cloning”, i.e. the idea that one can identify genes for human disease though knowing nothing or very little about their function…

Early onset adiposity: A pathway to polycystic ovary syndrome in adolescents?

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Evanthia Diamanti-Kandarakis, Charikleia D. Christakou, Eleni Kandaraki, Krystallenia I. Alexandraki

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Polycystic Ovary Syndrome is a heterogenous syndrome of unknown causation commonly associated with obesity. Τhe particular timing of the onset of obesity may be important, since the earlier the onset of obesity the greater the severity of the metabolic and hormonal aberrations …

The corticotropin releasing factor system in the liver: expression, actions and possible implications in hepatic physiology and pathology

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Konstantinos A. Paschos, Efterpi Chouridou, Maria Koureta, Maria Lambropoulou, George Kolios, Ekaterini Chatzaki

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The corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) system plays a crucial regulatory role in the adaptation to exogenous and endogenous stress stimuli, as well as homeostasis. Apart from the central nervous system (CNS), the members of this neuropeptide family extend their actions in the periphery …

Decreased circulating 25-(OH) Vitamin D concentrations in obese female children and adolescents: Positive associations with Retinol Binding Protein-4 and Neutrophil Gelatinase-associated Lipocalin

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Dimitra Metheniti, Sophia Sakka, Maria Dracopoulou, Alexandra Margeli, Ioannis Papassotiriou, Christina Kanaka-Gantenbein, George P. Chrousos, Panagiota Pervanidou

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OBJECTIVE: Hypovitaminosis D has been associated with adult as well as childhood obesity. Retinol-binding-protein-4 (RBP-4) and Neutrophil Gelatinase-associated Lipocalin (NGAL) are altered in obese individuals. The aim of this study was to examine circulating 25-(OH) Vitamin D (25-(OH) D) concentrations …

Short-chain fatty acids increase expression and secretion of stromal cell-derived factor-1 in mouse and human pre-adipocytes

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Venkat N. Vangaveti, Catherine Rush, Linda Thomas, Roy R. Rasalam, Usman H. Malabu, Scott G. McCoombe, Richard L. Kennedy

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OBJECTIVE: Stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) is expressed in pre-adipocytes but its role is unknown. We investigated butyrate (a histone deacetylase inhibitor – HDACi) and other short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) in the regulation of SDF-1. We further investigated whether effects of SCFA were signalled through G protein-coupled receptors …

Young adult patient with headache, fever and blurred vision

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Stavroula A. Paschou, Konstantinos Tzioras, Vasiliki Trianti, Stavroula Lyra, Vasileios-Arsenios Lioutas, Andreas Seretis, Andromachi Vryonidou

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BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE:This case highlights the fact that acute pituitary apoplexy may be misdiagnosed due to being confused with other entities exhibiting similar symptoms, such as meningitis or subarachnoid hemorrhage. CLINICAL PRESENTATION: A patient in his late 30s presented with sudden and severe frontal headache …