Andrew (Andy) N. Margioris
With this first issue of HORMONES for 2013, we celebrate 12 years of continuous publication. The Journal HORMONES has been listed in Pubmed since 2005 and its current impact factor is 2.4 …
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Muscular effects of vitamin D in young athletes and non-athletes and in the elderly
Nikolaos E. Koundourakis, Pavlina D. Avgoustinaki, Niki Malliaraki, Andrew N. Margioris
Muscles are major targets of vitamin D. Exposure of skeletal muscles to vitamin D induces the expression of multiple myogenic transcription factors enhancing muscle cell proliferation and differentiation. At the same time vitamin D suppresses the expression of myostatin, a negative regulator of muscle mass …
Growth Management of Children and Adolescents with Cushing’s Disease
In this issue, Savage et al., summarize and discuss their data and those of the literature on the growth management of pediatric patients with Cushing’s disease. Endogenous Cushing’s syndrome is rare in all ages and children and adolescents represent about 10 percent of the total …
Oral glucose lowering drugs in type 2 diabetic patients with chronic kidney disease
Cláudia Nogueira, Selma B. Souto, Eduardo Vinha, Daniel Carvalho-Braga, Davide Carvalho
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) represents a challenge in the treatment of type 2 diabetic patients. Renal impairment may affect drug clearance and other pharmacokinetic processes which can increase toxicity and drug to drug interactions or cause ineffective therapy …
From the Editor
Andrew N. Margioris
We welcome you to the 2013 third trimester issue of Hormones! In this issue, the Reviews section includes four papers …
Wylie Walker Vale, Jr.
George P. Chrousos, Achille Gravanis, Andrew (Andy) N. Margioris
Wylie Walker Vale, Jr. was born in Houston, Texas, on July 3, 1941. While still in high school, he met and fell in love with his wife Betty to whom he was married for over 40 years. Wylie earned his bachelor’s degree in Biology …
Data Mining: A New Technique In Medical Research
Eirini Papageorgiou, Ioanna Kotsioni, Athena Linos
This issue hosts an article that discusses the application of Data mining techniques to the treatment of infertile men with azoospermia, and compares this procedure of categorisation into groups with the corresponding clinical categorisation…
Editorial
Aleksander Giwercman, Dimitrios G. Goulis, Ilpo Huhtaniemi, Christos Tsatsanis
This issue of HORMONES is dedicated to the Symposium “Endocrine Aspects in Andrology” that took place in Heraklion, Crete, Greece, on 13-15 March, 2015 …
Normocalcemic primary hyperparathyroidism: A newly emerging disease needing therapeutic intervention
Gonzalo Díaz-Soto, María Teresa Julián, Manel Puig-Domingo
Normocalcemic primary hyperparathyroidism (NCHPT) is a new entity which possibly represents a “fruste form” of classic clinically symptomatic hyperparathyroidism. Over the last decade it has generated considerable scientific interest …
Expression of somatostatin receptors may guide the use of somatostatin receptor imaging and therapy in differentiated thyroid cancer
Giorgio Treglia, Guido Rindi, Vittoria Rufini
Thyroid carcinoma is the most frequent type of endocrine tumour. Most differentiated thyroid cancers (DTCs) have an excellent prognosis if diagnosed early and treated appropriately. Nevertheless, a number of patients with DTCs do not achieve remission after thyroidectomy …
Comments on gestational diabetes mellitus: from pathophysiology to clinical practice
Pavlos Poulakos, Gesthimani Mintziori, Efrosini Tsirou, Eleftheria Taousani, Dimitra Savvaki, Vikentia Harizopoulou, Dimitrios G. Goulis
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a topic of major interest, as it affects up to 16% of pregnant women and may lead to adverse pregnancy outcomes, which, however, are preventable by appropriate treatment. The aim of the present study was to discuss basic concepts and to critically appraise recent updates on practical issues …
Editor’s Note
Andrew N. Margioris
Adrenal Incidentalomas or Adrenalomas: The NIH state-of-the-science conference statement
Editorial
In this issue of Hormones, Dr. Dimitrios Linos has written a comprehensive review on adrenal incidentalomas, for which he proposes the more economical term “adrenalomas”. The management of these incidentally discovered, common masses has many controversies stemming from the fact that a minute proportion of them can be malignant …
Hoarseness after thyroidectomy: Blame the endocrine surgeon alone?
Demetrios Moris, Eleftherios Mantonakis, Marinos Makris, Adamantios Michalinos, Spiridon Vernadakis
OBJECTIVE: Hoarseness is a postoperative complication of thyroidectomy, mostly due to damage to the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN). Hoarseness may also be brought about via vocal cord dysfunction (VCD) due to injury of the vocal cords from manipulations during anesthesia, as well as from psychogenic disorders …
Liquid levothyroxine and its potential use
Anna Maria Formenti, Linda Daffini, Ilenia Pirola, Elena Gandossi, Alessandra Cristiano, Carlo Cappelli
Letter from the Editor
C. Dacou-Voutetakis
Dear Colleague, “HORMONES”, the new peer reviewed International Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism, has finally been born. Every creation is marked by birth followed by growth and maturation, and we hope that our Journal will follow these evolutionary steps…
Macroprolactinemia: an unnoticeable factor
Hyperprolactinemia most commonly results from physiologic or pathologic conditions that cause hypersecretion of PRL by lactotroph cells. Physiologic causes include pregnancy and lactation while pathologic hyperprolactinemia may result from a lactotroph adenoma or from several readily identifiable causes that may interfere with normal dopamine inhibition of PRL secretion. However, in some patients whose serum PRL …
Leptin, nutrition and reproduction: new insights
Vera Popovic, Felipe F. Casanueva
Recent data suggest that in addition to leptin’s role in conveying signals of the amount of energy stores to the central nervous system, this adipocyte secreted hormone interacts with the endocrine system to provide critical information about the size of fat stores, acting as a permissive factor that allows the triggering of energy demanding situations …
Estrogens and brain function
Athina Markou, Theodora Duka, Gordana M. Prelevic
Cognitive decline is well recognized during ageing but is often accelerated in women after menopause. Studies have shown that there are significant gender differences in brain ageing with significantly greater changes in brain structure, function and metabolism between females and males. Estrogens exert protective effects on neuronal cells in culture but the exact underlying …
Polycystic ovary syndrome. Revised diagnostic criteria and long-term health consequences
Eleni Kousta, George Tolis, Stephen Franks
The diagnostic criteria for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have recently been revised. The polycystic ovarian morphology has been introduced as part of the criteria and an international consensus has been achieved providing the basis for future research and collaboration. It is now accepted that polycystic ovary syndrome has important long-term health implications …
Depression and Osteoporosis in Men: Association or Casual Link?
Ioannis Ilias, Salvatore Alesci, Philip W. Gold, George P. Chrousos
The longer life expectancy of women than that of men and, therefore, the longer exposure to fracture risk has, at least partially, led to neglect of osteoporosis in men. Recently, unipolar depression, which is 2 times more frequent in women than in men, has been linked to osteoporosis…
The use of insulin sensitising agents in ovulation induction in women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Richard Fleming
Insulin resistance is an important “upstream” driver for reproductive and metabolic abnormalities in women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS). This theoretical background is now supported by substantial evidence for treating women with PCOS with insulin sensitising agents such as metformin or the thiazolidinediones…
Obesity in Childhood and Adolescence: a review in the interface between adipocyte physiology and clinical challenges
Antje Körner, Susann Blüher, Thomas Kapellen, Ante Garten, Jürgen Klammt, Jürgen Kratzsch, Wieland Kiess
Body weight is regulated by a feedback loop in which peripheral signals report nutritional information to an integratory center in the brain. The cloning of the ob gene is consistent with this concept and suggests that body fat content in adult rodents is regulated by a negative feedback loop centered in the hypothalamus…
Molecular Medicine and biomedical education: reshaping our mission
Gerasimos P. Sykiotis, Panagiotis A. Konstantinopoulos, Athanasios G. Papavassiliou
The biomedical sciences are currently in transition between the bloom of fundamental knowledge and the fruition of specialized clinical application.1 Following the success of the Human Genome Project, the roadmap is now in place for the description of physiology and illness in molecular terms…
Growth and growth hormone secretion in paediatric Cushing’s disease
Martin O. Savage, Helen L. Storr, Ashley B. Grossman, Gerasimos E. Krassas
Although paediatric Cushing’s disease is rare, it is associated with severe morbidity in childhood and presents a major diagnostic and therapeutic challenge for the paediatric endocrinologist. Growth failure remains an important feature of paediatric Cushing’s disease, both at diagnosis and after successful treatment. However, the development of specific diagnostic tests and important therapeutic advances has contributed …