Demetrios Moris, Eleftherios Mantonakis, Marinos Makris, Adamantios Michalinos, Spiridon Vernadakis
OBJECTIVE: Hoarseness is a postoperative complication of thyroidectomy, mostly due to damage to the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN). Hoarseness may also be brought about via vocal cord dysfunction (VCD) due to injury of the vocal cords from manipulations during anesthesia, as well as from psychogenic disorders …
Chittari Venkata Harinarayan
The vitamin D endocrine system in now recognized as subserving a wide range of fundamental biological functions in cell differentiation, inhibition of cell growth as well as immunomodulation. Both forms of immunity, namely adaptive and innate, are regulated by 1,25(OH)2D3. The immune-modulatory properties of vitamin D suggest …
Poupak Fallahi, Silvia Martina Ferrari, Dilia Giuggioli, Andreina Manfredi, Caterina Mancusi, Silvia Fabiani, Marco Centanni, Santino Marchi, Clodoveo Ferri, Alessandro Antonelli
OBJECTIVE: The prevalence and clinical features of thyroid involvement in patients with hepatitis C virus-associated mixed cryoglobulinemia (MC+HCV) have been reviewed. DESIGN: A PubMed Medline search was conducted through December 2011 to identify all studies that reported thyroid involvement …
Atieh Amouzegar, Ladan Mehran, Farzaneh Sarvghadi, Hossein Delshad, Fereidoun Azizi, John H. Lazarus
Thyroid hormones play a critical role in neurodevelopment both during pregnancy and postnatally. The fetal thyroid produces sufficient amounts of thyroid hormones just after 16 weeks of pregnancy prior to which the fetus is totally dependent on maternal FT4 for its physical and neural development …
Ioannis P. Stathopoulos, Efstathios G. Ballas, Kalliopi Lampropoulou-Adamidou, George Trovas
While osteoporosis has been traditionally considered as a disease of aging women, it is becoming an increasingly important male health problem, with one in three fragility fractures after the age of 50 years occurring in men …
Solomis Solomou, Márta Korbonits
Ghrelin, an orexigenic protein with a unique lipid chain modification, is considered to be an important gut-brain signal for appetite control and energy balance. The ghrelin receptor, growth-hormone secretagogue receptor type 1a, is able to bind acylated ghrelin. The first recognised effect of ghrelin was the induction of growth hormone …
Maria P. Yavropoulou, John G. Yovos
During the last decade a considerable amount of data have been accumulated regarding the role of intracellular signaling pathways in the pathogenesis of human diseases. One of these, Notch signaling, well known for its significance in cellular development and tissue morphogenesis, has been increasingly recognized as a crucial participant …
Nicola Pluchino, Panagiotis Drakopoulos, Jean Marie Wenger, Patrick Petignat, Isabelle Streuli, Andrea Riccardo Genazzani
Endocrine disorders play a major role in approximately 8% to 12% of recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). Indeed, the local hormonal milieu is crucial in both embryo attachment and early pregnancy. Endocrine abnormalities, including thyroid disorders, luteal phase defects, polycystic ovary syndrome …
Maria P. Yavropoulou, Christos Xygonakis, Maria Lolou, Fotini Karadimou, John G. Yovos
Sclerosteosis and Van Buchem disease are two rare bone sclerosing disorders characterized by increased bone mineral density, tall stature and entrapment of cranial nerves due to overgrowth of a highly dense bone. Recent advances in human genetics have revealed the genetic background of these disorders …
George Vassilakos, Anastassios Philippou, Panagiotis Tsakiroglou, Michael Koutsilieris
Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is a multipotent growth factor involved in the growth, development and regulation of homeostasis in a tissue-specific manner. Alternative splicing, multiple transcription initiation sites and different polyadelynation signals give rise to diverse mRNA isoforms …
Anastasia D. Dede, George P. Lyritis, Symeon Tournis
Anorexia nervosa is a serious psychiatric disorder accompanied by high morbidity and mortality. It is characterized by emaciation due to self-starvation and displays a unique hormonal profile. Alterations in gonadal axis, growth hormone resistance with low insulin-like growth factor I levels, hypercortisolemia and low triiodothyronine …
George N. Zografos, Iraklis Perysinakis, Evangeline Vassilatou
Clinically inapparent adrenal masses which are incidentally detected have become a common problem in everyday practice. Approximately 5-20% of adrenal incidentalomas present subclinical cortisol hypersecretion which is characterized by subtle alterations of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal …
Charikleia Christakou, Anastasios Kollias, Christina Piperi, Ilias Katsikis, Dimitrios Panidis, Evanthia Diamanti-Kandarakis
OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of oral contraceptives (OCPs) and metformin on atherogenic markers, including serum levels of advanced glycated end products (AGEs) and C-reactive protein (CRP), in lean women (Body Mass Index below 25 kg/m2) with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), defined by NIH criteria …
Rosaria Maddalena Ruggeri, Paola Minciullo, Salvatore Saitta, Salvatore Giovinazzo, Rosaria Certo, Alfredo Campennì, Francesco Trimarchi, Sebastiano Gangemi, Salvatore Benvenga
OBJECTIVE: Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) is considered to be a Th1-related autoimmune disease (AID). Recent studies revealed that Th17 lymphocytes (producing mostly IL-17, IL-21 and IL-22) play a major role in numerous AIDs commonly thought to be Th1 diseases. More recently, another subset of Th cells …
Menelaos L. Batrinos
Male pattern baldness, scientifically known as androgenetic alopecia (AGA), is a very common condition, universally prevalent, which progresses with aging. The loss of scalp hair of any degree both in men and women is a cause of considerable psychological distress …
Franziska M. Hanusch, Evelyn Fischer, Katharina Lang, Sven Diederich, Stephan Endres, Bruno Allolio, Felix Beuschlein, Martin Reincke, Marcus Quinkler, for the participants of the German Conn’s Registry
OBJECTIVE: In subjects at high risk for sleep apnea (SA), aldosterone concentrations correlate with severity of SA and primary aldosteronism (PA) is very often diagnosed. Patients with PA show a high prevalence of SA. Treatment of PA either by adrenalectomy (ADX) or mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) blockade is thought to abolish …
Wen Xu, Jing Sun, Wenbo Wang, Xiran Wang, Yan Jiang, Wei Huang, Xin Zheng, Qiuping Wang, Zhiwei Ning, Yu Pei, Min Nie, Mei Li, Ou Wang, Xiaoping Xing, Wei Yu, Qiang Lin, Ling Xu, Weibo Xia
OBJECTIVE: To determine if GC (group-specific component globulin) and CYP2R1 genetic variants have an association with serum 25-OHD3 levels, BMD or bone turnover markers in a population of Chinese postmenopausal women …
George Vlotides, Ayse Tanyeri, Matilde Spampatti, Kathrin Zitzmann, Michael Chourdakis, Gerald Spöttl, Julian Maurer, Svenja Nölting, Burkhard Göke, Christoph J. Auernhammer
Metformin is a widely used oral antidiabetic drug with good tolerability. Recent studies suggest that it also possesses adjuvant potent anticancer properties in a variety of tumors. Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) of the gastro-entero-pancreatic system (GEP) comprise a heterogeneous group of tumors with increasing incidence …
Efi Koloverou, Nikolaos Tentolouris, Chryssa Bakoula, Christina Darviri, George Chrousos
OBJECTIVE: Although there is scientific evidence that stress adversely affects metabolic control, only a few studies have examined the role of stress management in improving glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). In this study, we investigated the effect of a relaxation technique on levels of stress and glycemic control …
Francesco Vierucci, Marta Del Pistoia, Paola Erba, Giovanni Federico, Giuseppe Saggese
OBJECTIVE. Bone health is a major concern in patients with Turner syndrome (TS). There are few studies assessing bone mineral status in TS adolescents and none have reported a clear relationship with the risk of fracture. We assessed bone mineral status at three different skeletal sites by two different …
Korcan Demir, Mehmet Keskin, Yιlmaz Kör, Murat Karaoğlan, Özlem Gümüştekin Bülbül
OBJECTIVE: To assess levels of vitamin D and of immunoglobulin G subclasses in children and adolescents with type 1 Diabetes Mellitus with or without autoimmune thyroiditis. DESIGN: Among 213 patients with type 1 diabetes, the cases with thyroid-specific autoantibodies …
Stergios A. Polyzos, Dimitrios G. Goulis, Jannis Kountouras, Gesthimani Mintziori, Panagiotis Chatzis, Efstathios Papadakis, Ilias Katsikis, Dimitrios Panidis
OBJECTIVE: Insulin resistance contributes to the pathogenesis of both polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The main aim of the present study was the evaluation of non-invasive indices of hepatic steatosis and fibrosis in PCOS women with or without metabolic syndrome …
Neoklis A. Georgopoulos, Efstathios Papadakis, Anastasia K. Armeni, Ilias Katsikis, Nikolaos D. Roupas, Dimitrios Panidis
OBJECTIVE: Τo evaluate the impact of elevated serum Δ4A levels on the hormonal and metabolic features of the different phenotypes of PCOS. DESIGN: 1276 women with PCOS according to the Rotterdam criteria were included …
Evangelia Tantalaki, Christina Piperi, Sarantis Livadas, Anastasios Kollias, Christos Adamopoulos, Aikaterini Koulouri, Charikleia Christakou, Evanthia Diamanti-Kandarakis
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the impact of dietary intervention on Advanced Glycation End products (AGEs) intake on the hormonal and metabolic profile in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). METHODS: After baseline evaluation, 23 women with PCOS …
Venkat N. Vangaveti, Catherine Rush, Linda Thomas, Roy R. Rasalam, Usman H. Malabu, Scott G. McCoombe, Richard L. Kennedy
OBJECTIVE: Stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) is expressed in pre-adipocytes but its role is unknown. We investigated butyrate (a histone deacetylase inhibitor – HDACi) and other short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) in the regulation of SDF-1. We further investigated whether effects of SCFA were signalled through G protein-coupled receptors …