Richard Fleming
Insulin resistance is an important “upstream” driver for reproductive and metabolic abnormalities in women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS). This theoretical background is now supported by substantial evidence for treating women with PCOS with insulin sensitising agents such as metformin or the thiazolidinediones…
Dragan Micic, Goran Cvijovic, Vladimir Trajkovic, Leonidas H. Duntas, Snezana Polovina
Metformin is considered, in conjunction with lifestyle modification, as a first-line treatment modality for type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Recently, several clinical studies have reported reduced incidence of neoplastic diseases in DM type 2 patients treated with metformin, as compared to diet or other antidiabetic agents …
Dimitrios Panidis, Konstantinos Tziomalos, Efstathios Papadakis, Eleni A. Kandaraki, Ilias Katsikis
In 2007, the European Society for Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE) and the American Society for Reproductive Medicine (ASRM) issued guidelines in Thessaloniki regarding the use of metformin and clomiphene for the induction of ovulation in patients with anovulatory polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) …
Charikleia Christakou, Anastasios Kollias, Christina Piperi, Ilias Katsikis, Dimitrios Panidis, Evanthia Diamanti-Kandarakis
OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of oral contraceptives (OCPs) and metformin on atherogenic markers, including serum levels of advanced glycated end products (AGEs) and C-reactive protein (CRP), in lean women (Body Mass Index below 25 kg/m2) with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), defined by NIH criteria …
Georgios Valsamakis, Kostas Lois, Sudhesh Kumar, George Mastorakos
Insulin resistance is a key pathogenic defect of the clustered metabolic disturbances seen in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Metformin is an insulin sensitizer acting in the liver and the peripheral tissues that ameliorates the metabolic and reproductive defects in PCOS …
George Vlotides, Ayse Tanyeri, Matilde Spampatti, Kathrin Zitzmann, Michael Chourdakis, Gerald Spöttl, Julian Maurer, Svenja Nölting, Burkhard Göke, Christoph J. Auernhammer
Metformin is a widely used oral antidiabetic drug with good tolerability. Recent studies suggest that it also possesses adjuvant potent anticancer properties in a variety of tumors. Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) of the gastro-entero-pancreatic system (GEP) comprise a heterogeneous group of tumors with increasing incidence …
Mojca Jensterle, Nika Aleksandra Kravos, Marija Pfeifer, Tomaz Kocjan, Andrej Janez
OBJECTIVE: The long-acting glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist liraglutide is linked to progressive and sustained weight loss in obese people with diabetes. However, its efficacy and safety in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has not yet been addressed …
Ekaterini Koiou, Konstantinos Tziomalos, Ilias Katsikis, Dimitrios Delkos, Elena A. Tsourdi, Dimitrios Panidis
OBJECTIVE: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is characterized by obesity and insulin resistance (IR), which result in elevated plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) levels. We aimed to assess the changes in PAI-1 levels in PCOS during treatment with metformin and during weight loss …
Antonio Picarelli, Marco Di Tola, Fabio Tabacco, Mariacatia Marino, Raffaele Borghini, Tania D’Amico, Carla Lubrano, Patrizia Gargiulo
OBJECTIVE: The management of obesity, apart from exercise, mainly involves a calorie restriction regimen. A pharmaceutical treatment is often used to improve patient compliance and diet effectiveness, although several side-effects have previously been described …
Silvia Santos-Palacios, Antonio Brugos-Larumbe, Francisco Guillén-Grima, Ane Garmendia-Madariaga, Juan C. Galofré
OBJECTIVE: In the last few years a number of studies have found that metformin has a thyrotropin (TSH)-lowering effect in patients with type 2 diabetes (DM2) and that this effect disappears after discontinuation of the drug. Initial studies were carried out in hypothyroid patients on levothyroxine (LT4) treatment …
Serkan Yener, Abdurrahman Comlekci, Baris Akinci, Pinar Akan, Tevfik Demir, Firat Bayraktar, Sena Yesil
OBJECTIVE: a)To determine serum Transforming Growth Factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) levels in patients with type 2 diabetes who do not have diabetes related complications and in healthy controls, b) to evaluate the effects of metformin and rosiglitazone on TGF-β1 levels …
Masao Jinno, Kenichi Kondou, Koji Teruya
OBJECTIVE: Insulin resistance is associated with aging and stress, both common among patients repeatedly failing to conceive with in vitro fertilization (IVF repeaters). In the present study we examined whether low-dose metformin could improve the outcome in IVF repeaters without polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) …
Carlo Cappelli, Mario Rotondi, Ilenia Pirola, Barbara Agosti, Ana Maria Formenti, Pasquale De Cata, Massimo Salvetti, Luca Chiovato, Maurizio Castellano
OBJECTIVE: Metformin treatment may induce a decrease/suppression in serum TSH levels, mimicking sub-clinical hyperthyroidism (SHT). The aim of the present study was to retrospectively evaluate changes in several electrocardiographic indices in euthyroid subjects with diabetes who, after starting metformin treatment …