Category: Volume 3 (2004)

Primary Adrenal lymphoma presented with adrenal insufficiency

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Evanthia Diamanti-Kandarakis, Pantelis Chatzismalis, Frangiskos Economou, Stefanos Lazarides, Athena Androulaki, Grigorios Kouraklis

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We report a 71-year old man who presented with symptoms of adrenal insufficiency and large bilateral adrenal masses. Computed tomography guided FNA biopsy was not diagnostic. However, because of the rapid growth of the masses, the negative workup for primary malignancy and the strong clinical suspicion of a lymphoma, an open biopsy was performed and a B-cell lymphoma was disclosed…

The Adult Consequences of Feminising Genital Surgery in Infancy. A Growing Skepticism

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Sarah M. Creighton

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In contemporary management of the infant with ambiguous genitalia assigned to a female gender surgery plays a central role. Once the infant is assigned to a female sex of rearing, feminising genital surgery almost always follows in an attempt to restore normality. This management is now being challenged by adult patients and other medical …

Recent developments in transsphenoidal surgery of pituitary tumors

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Panagiotis Nomikos, Rudolf Fahlbusch, Michael Buchfelder

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Despite recent and ongoing advances in the pharmacological and radiotherapeutic management of pituitary tumors, surgery remains the therapy of choice for the vast majority of these lesions. Both transsphenoidal and transcranial microsurgery of pituitary adenomas and of other sella lesions are well established, safe and highly efficient therapeutic procedures…

Growth, pubertal development, skeletal maturation and bone mass acquisition in athletes

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Neoklis A. Georgopoulos, Kostas B. Markou, Anastasia Theodoropoulou, George A. Vagenakis, Panagiotis Mylonas, Apostolos G. Vagenakis

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The genetic potentials for growth can be fully expressed only under favourable environmental conditions. Excessive physical training may negatively affect growth, especially during puberty. Sports that require a strict control of energy input in the presence of a high energy output are of particular concern. In gymnastics, a different pattern in skeletal maturation was observed …

Management of Diabetic Retinopathy. An Overview

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Eustratios V. Gotzaridis, Athina Markou, Zdenek Gregor

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Patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus experience a high incidence of severe ocular complications and are more likely to have significant ocular problems during their lifetimes. Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2), however, make up the majority of clinical cases with diabetic eye disease because of the higher incidence of DM2…

A Paradox: The Roles of Inositolphosphoglycans in mediating insulin sensitivity and Hyperandrogenism in the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

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Kai I. Cheang, Paulina Essah, John E. Nestler

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Current evidence suggests that insulin resistance contributes to the pathophysiologic features of the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The observation that insulin resistance is a central feature of PCOS leads to studies of the insulin signaling system in this disorder. This article reviews the possible role of putative insulin mediators, inositolphosphoglycans (IPG) mediators, in PCOS. We will focus on how IPGs mediate (a) hyperandrogenism and (b) insulin sensitivity in this disorder…

Histopathology of Thyroid Tumors. An Overview

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Chrisoula D. Scopa

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Thyroid cancer accounts for approximately 1% of total cancer cases in developed countries. It affects all age groups, although it is rare in children. Thyroid tumors are more frequent in women than in men. Despite their relative rarity they exhibit a wide range of morphological patterns and biological behavior which may explain the great interest in these neoplasms of both pathologists and clinicians…

Roles of Protein Kinase A (PKA) and PKC on Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone (CRH)-Induced Elevation of Cytosolic Calcium from Extra- and Intra-cellular Sources

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Irini Dermitzaki, Christos Tsatsanis, Vassiliki-Ismini Alexaki, Elias Castanas, Andrew N. Margioris

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Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) affects cytosolic calcium ion levels. The aim of the present work was to examine the role of protein kinase A (PKA)- and PKC-dependent signalling pathways in mediating the effect of CRH on calcium ion influx (from extra-cellular sources) and calcium ion mobilization (from intra-cellular stores)…

Factors associated with body mass index in adults from Northern Greece

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Themistoklis Tzotzas, Theodoros Konstantinidis, Maria Bougoulia, Gerasimos E. Krassas

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The aim of this large scale epidemiological cross-sectional study was to investigate potential factors, such as age, gender, socioeconomic status (measured as educational level and profession), smoking habits and physical activity, that could influence Body Mass Index (BMI) in a large sample of Greeks of Central Macedonia. Overall, 4032 adults (1296 males and 2736 females), age: 44.3±14.5 y (mean ± SD) participated in this study.

Growth without growth hormone (GH): A case report

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Polyzois Makras, Dimitris Papadogias, Grigoris Kaltsas, Nikolaos Kaklas, Georgios Piaditis

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Growth without growth hormone (GH) has occasionally been described in patients with organic pituitary pathology, and even more rarely in patients with idiopathic pituitary hormone deficiency. The mechanism of growth without GH remains a mystery. We describe a 17-year old male who grew 38.5 cm in height over a 7-year period, despite the fact that he had established panhypopituitarism…