Unresolved issues, dilemmas and points of interest in thyroid cancer: A current perspective

Nicholas J Sarlis, Loukas Gourgiotis

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Thyroid cancer (TC) is the commonest endocrine malignancy. In the overwhelming majority of cases, thyroid carcinomas are well-differentiated malignancies that respond favorably to treatment; however, this outcome cannot be absolutely guaranteed. The absence of large prospective randomized clinical trials in TC—due to its low incidence and protracted clinical course in cases with persistent/recurrent metastatic disease—results in considerable debates regarding the optimal treatment and follow-up regimens in this malignancy…

Molecular parameters linking thyroglobulin iodination with autoimmune thyroiditis

George Carayanniotis

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Increased iodide intake has been linked to the development of hypothyroidism and/or autoimmune thyroiditis in humans and animals, but the mechanisms involved remain poorly understood. Increased ingestion of iodide is likely to have pleiotropic effects on either metabolic or immunological processes. Within the latter domain, recent interest has been focused on two areas …

The use of recombinant human thyrotropin (Thyrogen) in the diagnosis and treatment of thyroid cancer

Leonidas H. Duntas, Nikolaos Tsakalakos, Brigitte Grab-Duntas, Maria Kalarritou, Elli Papadodima

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The introduction of human recombinant thyrotropin (rhTSH/Thyrogen) into the diagnosis of thyroid cancer has substantially ameliorated the patient’s quality of life through the avoidance of debilitating hypothyroidism. With the aim of updating the use of Thyrogen, we report 7 cases which were treated with Thyrogen for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes …

Iodine content of thyroglobulin in NOD.H2h4 mice developing iodine-accelerated autoimmune thyroiditis

Panayota Kolypetri, Natasha A. Noel, Karen A. Carayanniotis, George Carayanniotis

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OBJECTIVE: In NOD.H2h4 mice, high dietary iodine intake has been known to cause Iodine-accelerated Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis (ISAT) via an unknown mechanism. The aim of the study was to examine whether the NOD.h4 genetic background predisposes to enhanced iodine organification in thyroglobulin …

Which is the best predictor of thyroid cancer: thyrotropin, thyroglobulin or their ratio?

Pinar Yazici, Mehmet Mihmanli, Emre Bozkurt, Feyza Yener Ozturk, Mehmet Uludag

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OBJECTIVE: Since documented incidence of thyroid cancer has been rising over time, in part due to incidental small papillary cancer, several studies have been carried out to investigate the role of possible serum markers of thyroid cancer prior to surgery. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. AIM: To investigate the role of thyroglobulin (Tg), thyrotropin (TSH) and the TSH:Tg, Tg:TSH ratio in the preoperative diagnosis of thyroid cancer …

IGF1 deficiency in newly diagnosed Graves’ disease patients

Sorina Martin, Anca Sirbu, Minodora Betivoiu, Suzana Florea, Carmen Barbu, Simona Fica

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OBJECTIVE: Thyroid hormones influence the GH/IGF1 axis, but previous studies have reported discrepant results regarding serum IGF1 levels in hyperthyroidism. We have therefore investigated, at diagnosis, the relationship between serum IGF1 levels and the main characteristics of Graves’ disease (GD) …