Gonzalo Díaz-Soto, María Teresa Julián, Manel Puig-Domingo
Normocalcemic primary hyperparathyroidism (NCHPT) is a new entity which possibly represents a “fruste form” of classic clinically symptomatic hyperparathyroidism. Over the last decade it has generated considerable scientific interest …
Polyzois Makras, Socrates E. Papapoulos
Hypercalcaemia results from the failure of renal calcium excretion to compensate increased influx of calcium into the circulation from the intestine, the kidneys and the skeleton. Hypercalcaemia is a common metabolic abnormality of varying severity …
Nikolaos Pontikides, Spyros Karras, Athina Kaprara, Angeliki Cheva, Argyrios Doumas, Dimitrios Botsios, Aris Moschidis, Elias Efthimiou, John Wass, Gerasimos E. Krassas
BACKGROUND: Parathyroid cysts (PC) are uncommon entities in routine clinical practice. The vast majority are nonfunctioning and are commonly present as asymptomatic nodular cervical lesions. PC should be considered in the differential diagnosis of an asymptomatic neck mass …
Salvatore Maria Corsello, Rosa Maria Paragliola, Pietro Locantore, Francesca Ingraudo, Maria Pia Ricciato, Carlo Antonio Rota, Paola Senes, Alfredo Pontecorvi
Zoledronic acid is a newly FDA-approved bisphosphonate for the treatment of hypercalcemia of malignancy. Although the safety and efficacy of this drug in treating hypercalcemia associated with hyperparathyroidism have not yet been established in clinically controlled trials, its off-label use is not uncommon …
Maria P. Yavropoulou, Kalliopi Kotsa, Anna Gotzamani Psarrakou, Αlexandra Papazisi, Τheoni Tranga, Stelios Ventis, John G. Yovos
X-linked dominant hypophosphatemic rickets (XLH) is the most prevalent genetic form of hypophosphatemic rickets. Standard treatment of XLH patients includes long-term administration of phosphate and calcitriol. Treated patients usually respond well to the conventional therapy and demonstrate amelioration of rachitic symptoms and improved growth …
Ilias-Dimitrios Kafetzis, Antonis Diamantopoulos, Ioannis Christakis, Basileios Leoutsakos
Greep in 1963 as well as Pang and Epple in 1980 advanced the view that the parathyroids originally appeared 100 million years ago, in the context of the evolutionary development of amphibians. This coincided with the transition of life from the calcium-rich marine environment to the terrestrial or the aquatic environments …