Paulina A. Essah, Kai I. Cheang, John E. Nestler Departments of Internal Medicine (P.A.E., J.E.N.), Pharmacy (K.I.C.) and Obstetrics and Gynecology (J.E.N.), Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298 INTRODUCTION The polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is characterized by chronic anovulation and hyperandrogenism, and is the most common cause of anovulatory infertility Read More
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A Tribute to Carl Adolph von Basedow: To commemorate 150 years since his death
Leonidas H. Duntas Endocrine Unit, Evgenidion Hospital, University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece "… 1832 erkrankte Herr M. ernstlich an einem Brechdurchfalle, will danach nicht wieder gesund geworden sein, sondern seitdem viel an allgemeiner Hitze des Blutes, starken Schweissen und anfangenden Brustbeklemmungen gelitten haben, wobei er sich leidenschaftlich Abkuehlung darin fand, die Brustbekleidung gegen Read More
Growth hormone deficiency associated with moyamoya disease in a 16 year-old boy
Maria Kalina1, Barbara Kalina-Faska1, Katarzyna Wojaczynska-Stanek2, Ewa Malecka-Tendera1, Elzbieta Marszal2 1Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland, 2Department of Pediatric Neurology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland Abstract Moyamoya disease is a rare cerebrovascular disorder which, according to a few literature reports, can coexist with hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction. We report a Read More
The concurrence of Microalbuminuria and Retinopathy with Cardiovascular Risk Factors; reliable predictors of Asymptomatic Coronary Artery Disease in Type 2 Diabetes
George Ioannidis1, Melpomeni Peppa1, Phivi Rontogianni2, Michael Callifronas1, Christos Papadimitriou3, Georgia Chrysanthopoulou1, Lambros Anthopoulos3, Matina Kesse2, Nicolaos Thalassinos1 1Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, 2Department of Nuclear Medicine and 31st Department of Cardiology, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens, 106 76 Greece Abstract People with diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) have a greater risk for premature morbidity and Read More
The effect of long-term somatostatin analogue treatment on free and total insulin-like growth factor (IGF) -I, -II and IGF binding protein -1, -2 and -3 serum levels in euthyroid patients with active thyroid eye disease
Gerasimos Krassas1, Nikolaos Pontikides1, Argyrios Dumas2, Jan Frystyk3, Jian-WenChen3, Allan Flyvbjerg3 1Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Panagia General Hospital, Thessaloniki, 55132 Greece, 2Hippokrates, Nuclear Medicine Center, Thessaloniki, 54622 Greece, 3Medical Research Laboratories, Aarhus Kommunehospital, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus C., DK-8000 Denmark Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of long-term somatostatin Read More
Glucocorticoids and bone: cellular, metabolic and endocrine effects
Mauro Doga, Stefania Bonadonna, Andrea Giustina Department of Internal Medicine, University of Brescia, Italy INTRODUCTION Chronic exposure to excessive concentrations of endogenous cortisol or to pharmacologic doses of glucocorticoids (GCs) causes multiple deleterious effects on body structure and function. Osteopenia, osteoporosis and bone fractures are well recognized consequences of excessive GC exposure, with fractures being Read More
The role of estrogens in cardiovascular disease in the aftermath of clinical trials
Lambrini Gouva, Agathocles Tsatsoulis Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina, Greece Abstract The effects of estrogens on reproductive tissues and climacteric symptoms are unambiguous. However, their effects on other tissues and, in particular, the cardiovascular system remain controversial. In general, premenopausal women are protected from coronary heart disease (CHD) Read More
Unresolved issues, dilemmas and points of interest in thyroid cancer: A current perspective
Nicholas J Sarlis1, Loukas Gourgiotis2 1The University of Texas – M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA, and 2National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive, and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Abstract Thyroid cancer (TC) is the commonest endocrine malignancy. In the overwhelming majority of cases, thyroid carcinomas are well-differentiated Read More
Ectopic thyroid tissue in the lower neck with a coexisting normally located multinodular goiter. Brief literature review
Eleni Kousta, Konstantinos Konstantinidis, Christina Michalakis, George E. Theodoropoulos, Michalis Vorias, Michalis Georgiou, George Sambalis Department of General and Laparoscopic Surgery, Athens Medical Center, Athens, Greece Abstract Ectopic thyroid tissue in the lower neck with a coexisting normally located multinodular goiter is a rare entity. We present a 27-year old asymptomatic woman with a recent Read More
A unique case of a benign adrenocortical tumor with triple secretion of cortisol, androgens, and aldosterone. Development of multiple sclerosis after surgical removal of the tumor
Athina Markou1, Kaity Tsigou1, Dimitrios Papadogias1, Kostas Kossyvakis1, Kyriakos Vamvakidis2, Theodora Kounadi1 and George Piaditis1 1Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Center, 2Third Department of Surgery, General Hospital of Athens "G. Gennimatas", Athens, Greece Abstract We present a 39-year old female with a benign adrenal tumor characterized by autonomous secretion of cortisol, androgens, and aldosterone. The Read More