Tag: Obesity
Prevalence, pathogenesis and management of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome
Sofia Lazaridou, Konstantinos Dinas, Konstantinos Tziomalos
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinopathy in women of reproductive age. PCOS is not only the leading cause of anovulatory infertility but is also associated with an array of metabolic disorders, among which impaired glucose metabolism has been a topic of intense research. The aim of the present narrative review is to summarize the findings of the studies that have evaluated the prevalence and incidence of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus …
The adrenal gland microenvironment in health, disease and during regeneration
Waldemar Kanczkowski, Mariko Sue, Stefan R. Bornstein
The adrenal gland is a key component of the stress system in the human body. Multiple direct and paracrine interactions between different cell types and their progenitors take place within the adrenal gland microenvironment. These unique interactions are supported by high vascularization and the adrenal cortex extracellular matrix. Alterations in the adrenal gland microenvironment are known to influence the progression of several pathological conditions, such as obesity and sepsis, and to be influenced …
Adiponectin levels may help assess the clinical repercussions of obesity irrespective of body mass index
Eirini Dermitzaki, Pavlina D. Avgoustinaki, Eirini C. Spyridaki, Panagiotis Simos, Niki Malliaraki, Maria Venihaki, Christos Tsatsanis, Andrew N. Margioris
OBJECTIVE: Adiponectin is the major product of adipose tissue. The aim of this study was to associate adiponectin levels with adipose tissue and metabolic indices. DESIGN: Plasma samples of 274 non-diabetic volunteers were collected to evaluate for adiponectin, inflammatory markers, insulin and lipid parameters. Body fat composition was measured by DEXA. RESULTS: As expected, adiponectin levels correlated with body mass index (BMI) …
Removal of a high-fat diet, but not voluntary exercise, reverses obesity and diabetic-like symptoms in male C57BL/6J mice
Aikaterini Hatzidis, Jasmin A. Hicks, Rachel R. Gelineau, Nicole L. Arruda, Isabella Monteiro De Pina, Karyn E. O’Connell, Joseph A. Seggio
OBJECTIVE: Both the consumption of high-fat diets and exercise are known to produce alterations in metabolism and behavior. This study focuses on the effects of a change to a low-fat diet from a high-fat diet and voluntary exercise on obesity, type-2 diabetic-like symptoms, and locomotor behavior in male C57BL/6J mice. DESIGN: Mice were initially given either a high-fat diet or regular chow, along with a cage …