Assimina Galli-Tsinopoulou1, Sanda Nousia-Arvanitakis1, Ioannis Tsinopoulos2, Christos Bechlivanides1, Orit Shevah3, Zvi Laron3 1Fourth Pediatric Department, 2Clinic of Ophthalmology of Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece, 3Endocrinology and Diabetes Research Unit, Schneider Children's Medical Center, Petah-Tikva, Israel Abstract Laron-type dwarfism is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by deletions or mutations of the growth hormone receptor gene. Read More
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Hypoglycaemia secondary to the secretion of pro-insulin like growth factor ii by a metastatic neuroendocrine tumour with sarcomatous differentiation
Mia Morgan, Alexandra Nanzer, Cecilia Camacho-Hubner, Gregory A. Kaltsas, John P. Monson Department of Endocrinology, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London EC1A 7BE, UK Abstract A patient presented with frequent episodes of spontaneous hypoglycaemia due to a disseminated neuroendocrine tumour with sarcomatous differentiation, secreting incompletely processed pro-insulin-like growth factor II (pro-IGF-II). Although the combination of GH and Read More
Macroprolactinemia in a young man and review of the literature
Evangeline Vassilatou1, Panayiotis Schinochoritis2, Stamatina Marioli3, Ioanna Tzavara1 1Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, 2Biomedicine International Diagnostic Services and 3Department of Biochemistry, "Amalia Fleming" General Hospital, Athens, Greece Abstract A 21-year old man, complaining of headaches and fatigue, with a negative past medical history and a normal clinical examination, underwent a hormonal investigation which revealed Read More
Tracing the origin of the term \’\’gene\’\’
Theano D. Kontopoulou, Spyros G. Marketos International Hippocratic Foundation of Kos, Greece INTRODUCTION A century has passed (1902 – 2002) since the Danish botanist and geneticist Wilhelm Ludwig Johannsen established the scientific term "gene". The centenary of this biological term coincides with the 50th anniversary of the unraveling of the structure of DNA, the basic Read More
Molecular Medicine and biomedical education: reshaping our mission
Gerasimos P. Sykiotis,1 Panagiotis A. Konstantinopoulos,2 Athanasios G. Papavassiliou3 1Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 2Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology – Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA, 3Department of Biological Chemistry, Athens University Medical School, Athens, Greece The biomedical sciences are currently in Read More
Molecular genetic aspects and pathophysiology of endocrine hypertension
Stelios Fountoulakis, Agathocles Tsatsoulis Department of Endocrinology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina, Greece INTRODUCTION Blood pressure (BP) is the outcome of the interaction of intravascular volume, cardiac output and peripheral resistance. Hypertension is defined as BP exceeding 139/89 mmHg, whereas “pre-hypertension” refers to systolic BP of 120 to 139 mmHg or a diastolic BP Read More
Short stature and dysmorphology associated with defects in the SHOX gene
Sofia K. Leka, Sofia Kitsiou-Tzeli, Ariadni Kalpini-Mavrou, Emmanuel Kanavakis Horemis Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Genetics, Athens University School of Medicine, “Aghia Sofia” Children’s Hospital, Athens, Greece Abstract Since its discovery in 1997, knowledge about the SHOX gene (Short stature HOmeoboX-containing gene) has rapidly advanced. Although originally described as causing idiopathic short stature, SHOX mutations Read More
The problem of exogenous subclinical hyperthyroidism
Menelaos L. Batrinos Emeritus Professor of Endocrinology, Athens University Medical School, Athens, Greece Abstract Over the past two decades a plethora of publications and clinical practice data have established that subclinical thyroid dysfunction is a common condition occurring much more frequently than the overt expression of thyroid disease. Subclinical hypothyroidism is considered to be the Read More
Early microvascular and macrovascular dysfunction is not accompanied by structural arterial injury in polycystic ovary syndrome
Krystallenia Alexandraki,1 Athanasios D. Protogerou,2 Theodoros G. Papaioannou,2 Christina Piperi,3 George Mastorakos,4 John Lekakis,2 Dimitrios Panidis,5 Evanthia Diamanti-Kandarakis1 1Division of Endocrinology, First Department of Medicine, Laiko Hospital, 2Vascular Laboratory, Department of Clinical Therapeutic, Alexandra Hospital, 3Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, 4Endocrine Unit, Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aretaeion Hospital, Athens University School of Medicine, Athens, Read More
Insulin resistance, growth factors and cytokine levels in overweight women with breast cancer before and after chemotherapy
Eftychia Chala,1 Christos Manes,2 Helias Iliades,3 Georgios Skaragkas,2 Despina Mouratidou,3 Efthymios Kapantais1 1Department of Diabetes-Obesity-Metabolism, Metropolitan Hospital, Neo Faliro, Greece, 2Diabetes Center, Papageorgiou Hospital, 33rd Department of Clinical Oncology, Theagenio Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece Abstract OBJECTIVE: To evaluate insulin values, insulin resistance, growth factors and cytokine levels in women suffering from breast cancer and the effect Read More