{"id":1276,"date":"2026-01-24T08:35:20","date_gmt":"2026-01-24T08:35:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/peaceful-mccarthy.213-158-90-25.plesk.page\/index.php\/2026\/01\/24\/hypothyroidism-has-an-adverse-effect-on-human-spermatogenesis-a-prospective-controlled-study\/"},"modified":"2026-01-24T08:35:20","modified_gmt":"2026-01-24T08:35:20","slug":"hypothyroidism-has-an-adverse-effect-on-human-spermatogenesis-a-prospective-controlled-study","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/peaceful-mccarthy.213-158-90-25.plesk.page\/index.php\/2026\/01\/24\/hypothyroidism-has-an-adverse-effect-on-human-spermatogenesis-a-prospective-controlled-study\/","title":{"rendered":"HYPOTHYROIDISM HAS AN ADVERSE EFFECT ON HUMAN SPERMATOGENESIS: A PROSPECTIVE, CONTROLLED STUDY"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"article-authors\">Krassas G. E.<sup>1<\/sup>, Pontikides N.<sup>1<\/sup>, Papadopoulou F.<sup>1<\/sup>, Tziomalos K.<sup>1<\/sup>, Zegeniadou T.<sup>1<\/sup>, Hammadeh M.<sup>2<\/sup><\/div>\n<div class=\"article-institutes\"><sup>1<\/sup>Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Panagia General Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece, <sup>2<\/sup>Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Saarland, Homburg Saar, Germany<\/div>\n<div class=\"article-abstract\">\n<h2>Abstract<\/h2>\n<p>Little is known about the effects of hypothyroidism on human spermatogenesis. Only few uncontrolled studies have published so far.<br \/><strong>Aim:<\/strong> A controlled, prospective study to investigate the effects of hypothyroidism on sperm quality and composition and also on different sperm parameters such as: teratozoospermia index (TZI), fructose, acid phosphatase (AP), acridine orange (AO) and chromomycin A3 (CMA3).<br \/><strong>Subjects and Methods:<\/strong> 25 patients (43.6 yrs) were recruited for the study. All patients were clinically and biochemically hypothyroid. After the diagnosis semen analysis was performed and L-thyroxine treatment was initiated. Fifteen normal individuals (41.8 yrs, NS) were used as controls. In 16 patients and all the controls TZI, AO and CMA3 were also measured. About six months after treatment and when all the patients were euthyroid they asked to take another sperm examination.<br \/><strong>Results:<\/strong> Morphology is the only parameter, which affected significantly. Only 13% normal in morphology spermatozoa were found in the patients group when compared with controls (27%, p&lt;0.0001). After treatment, 21% normal spermatozoa were found (p=0.001). There was a tendency motility to be improved after treatment (25% vs 35%, NS). TZI correlated with FT4 (r=-0.49, p=0.01), in patients before, TSH with morphology, after treatment (r = -0.44, p=0.04) and finally the change in TSH levels correlated with the change in the AP levels (r=0.47, p=0.03), while only in controls fructose correlated with motility (r=0.79, p=0.001).<br \/><strong>Comclusions:<\/strong> Hypothyroidism has an adverse effect on human spermatogenesis. Morphology is the main sperm parameter, which is significantly affected. Before treatment, TZI, a multiple anomalies measure, negatively correlated with FT4, while after treatment morphology negatively correlated with TSH. The change of the latter is also correlated (positively) with the change in the AP levels.<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Krassas G. E.1, Pontikides N.1, Papadopoulou F.1, Tziomalos K.1, Zegeniadou T.1, Hammadeh M.2 1Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Panagia General Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece, 2Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Saarland, Homburg Saar, Germany Abstract Little is known about the effects of hypothyroidism on human spermatogenesis. Only few uncontrolled studies have published so far.Aim: <a class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/peaceful-mccarthy.213-158-90-25.plesk.page\/index.php\/2026\/01\/24\/hypothyroidism-has-an-adverse-effect-on-human-spermatogenesis-a-prospective-controlled-study\/\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[45,2,9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1276","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-volume-7-issue-3","category-journal-articles","category-volume-7"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/peaceful-mccarthy.213-158-90-25.plesk.page\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1276","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/peaceful-mccarthy.213-158-90-25.plesk.page\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/peaceful-mccarthy.213-158-90-25.plesk.page\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/peaceful-mccarthy.213-158-90-25.plesk.page\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/peaceful-mccarthy.213-158-90-25.plesk.page\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1276"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/peaceful-mccarthy.213-158-90-25.plesk.page\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1276\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/peaceful-mccarthy.213-158-90-25.plesk.page\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1276"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/peaceful-mccarthy.213-158-90-25.plesk.page\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1276"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/peaceful-mccarthy.213-158-90-25.plesk.page\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1276"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}